A curated reading feed of engineering blogs I follow — from teams building real systems at scale.
A quieter lane for machining, CAD/CAM, process planning, toolpaths, tolerancing, DFM, and Industry 4.0.
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Article URL: https://www.nytimes.com/2026/09/29/us/anthropic-claude-morals-ai.html Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49950052 Points: 17 # Comments: 11
I heard from a friend of the family that Bob passed away in his sleep early Saturday. Very sad news. Bob, who's real name was Mark Stevens, was an early employee of Apple and was best known for his PBS documentaries, especially "Triumph of the Nerds". He will be missed. Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49949438 Points: 207 # Comments: 31
Article URL: https://simonwillison.net/2026/Oct/3/default-hard-budget-caps/ Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49949235 Points: 262 # Comments: 141
Article URL: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2026/oct/03/openai-safety-leader-quits-warning-ai-companys-culture-is-broken Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49948332 Points: 222 # Comments: 182
Article URL: https://techcrunch.com/2026/10/03/federal-judge-calls-flock-indiscriminate-mass-surveillance/ Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49948254 Points: 357 # Comments: 212
Article URL: https://ben.stolovitz.com/posts/reasons-not-emt-ranked/ Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49947631 Points: 117 # Comments: 58
Article URL: https://sjg.io/writing/binrange-have-you-actually-put-the-bins-out/ Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49947472 Points: 51 # Comments: 26
Article URL: https://www.phoronix.com/news/XDC-2026-Valve-Timur-AMDGPU Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49946895 Points: 179 # Comments: 21
Article URL: https://kevincox.ca/2022/05/06/rss-feed-best-practices/ Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49946845 Points: 42 # Comments: 8
Article URL: https://claude.dev/blog/getting-the-most-out-of-opus-5-5/ Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49946567 Points: 180 # Comments: 129
Article URL: https://notoriousbfg.com/hole-punch/ Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49946393 Points: 251 # Comments: 62
Article URL: https://cosmowenman.substack.com/p/rodin-museum-3d-scan-verdict Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49946355 Points: 111 # Comments: 57
Useful angle: memory and parallelism via memory
Article URL: https://liao.gg/blog/agents-dont-need-memory Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49945933 Points: 78 # Comments: 55
Article URL: https://www.ycombinator.com/companies/retailready/jobs/bFcgIe4-implementations Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49945904 Points: 0 # Comments: 0
Article URL: https://dave.recoil.org/docker-has-always-used-microvms/ Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49945352 Points: 26 # Comments: 18
Useful angle: open-source tools and infrastructure via github
https://github.com/nuta/ftl Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49944912 Points: 156 # Comments: 63
tech report: https://aleph-alpha.com/downloads/tech-report.pdf additional paper: https://tej.as/blog/aleph-alpha-kolibri Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49942706 Points: 543 # Comments: 307
Article URL: https://www.twz.com/air/former-sr-71-engineer-talks-nasas-blackbird-revival-program Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49942130 Points: 19 # Comments: 6
Useful angle: systems performance via performance
Thoreau BASIC started as a joke. I wanted a BASIC where I could type something ridiculous like: DIM A%(12000000000) Version 3.2 has become considerably more ambitious than the little interpreter I originally intended to write. The language still deliberately looks and feels like old Microsoft BASIC. Line numbers, GOTO, GOSUB, PRINT, PSET, LINE, CIRCLE, DRAW, etc. are all there. But underneath that rather innocent-looking surface is now quite a lot of machinery. Some of the current features: native x64 JIT compilation, with automatic fallback to the interpreter PARFOR for multithreaded numeric loops SSE2 / AVX2 acceleration where available 64-bit addressing and very large arrays native complex, quaternion and other hypercomplex numbers arbitrary-resolution 24-bit graphics sprites, bitmap operations, polygon filling and mouse input TCP/IP networking on Windows and UEFI an integrated profiler, debugger, tracing and program-analysis tools CREATEEXE to turn a BASIC program into a standalone Windows executable CREATEEFI to turn the same program into a directly bootable UEFI application 3.2 also expands the less glamorous but surprisingly useful parts of the environment. There is better file browsing and selection with GETFILES and SELECTBOX, longer case-preserving paths, recovery/file-flush facilities, and considerably more detailed SYSTEMINFO$ diagnostics. The latter is useful for seeing things such as available CPU capabilities and the execution environment while debugging performance differences between machines. One thing I've spent a lot of time on recently is making the BASIC programs themselves fast enough that they stop feeling like demonstrations of an interpreter. For example, the current Mandelbrot demo is a real-time interactive fractal explorer. Mouse movement pans the fractal, left-click zooms in and right-click zooms out, while the BASIC program continuously redraws and displays the frame rate. There are also 3D and procedural demos, sprite programs, networking examples, hypercomplex fractals and games. An important design constraint throughout the project has been that Windows and UEFI should execute essentially the same BASIC language. A program shouldn't suddenly become a different species just because there is no operating system underneath it. And yes, I am fully aware of the absurdity of combining GOTO 100 with AVX2, multithreading, TCP/IP and quaternion arithmetic. That is increasingly the point. I'm interested in the question: What would BASIC look like if it had never gone out of fashion? Thoreau BASIC 3.2 is my current answer. I'd be especially interested in feedback from people who remember GW-BASIC/QBasic, compiler/interpreter people, and anyone sufficiently unreasonable to enjoy the idea of booting a modern x64 PC directly into a BASIC interpreter/JIT compiler. Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49942103 Points: 38 # Comments: 13
Article URL: https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/Documents/DCA26MA352%20Prelim.pdf Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49940467 Points: 23 # Comments: 9
Article URL: https://www.newgrounds.com/ Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49940394 Points: 66 # Comments: 9
Article URL: http://whereistheplanet.com Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49940233 Points: 14 # Comments: 0
Article URL: https://www.breakthroughjournal.org/p/things-that-apparently-cause-cancer Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49940219 Points: 114 # Comments: 49
Article URL: https://blog.sshh.io/p/the-harness-is-the-company Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49938616 Points: 115 # Comments: 84
Useful angle: computational geometry and graphics via cad
Hi there :-) New on HN, first time posting. Past year, around December, I started experimenting with making ChatGPT and Claude generate source code in LDraw language. This LDraw is literally an "assembly" language, a low-level programming language that describes how to assemble LEGO pieces together into models, one placement instruction at a time. When executed by specific tools, like e.g. LDView, LeoCAD, Studio... these instructions become LEGO CAD models, that can be interacted with, modified, etc. Or, in other words: one LDraw source file in .mpd or .ldr format is equivalent to one LEGO CAD model. So, the idea I had was: if I manage for maybe ChatGPT or Claude to generate high-quality LDraw source files... then, they would actually be generating high-quality LEGO CAD models, right? Then, after months of iterations and trying one thing after the other... it worked!!! Long story short: using GPT-6 Astra and Opus 5.5, I've managed to create a python toolset, instructions, and docs for agents in general. Now, these can be used by them to generate LDraw models. I've packed it all as a dockerized web app for others to try and experiment, with several providers (and agents) to choose from: OpenAI, Claude and OpenRouter. Here's a bunch of exmaples: https://anteloc.github.io/index-samples.html. If you are curious about the internals of an .mpd model, the "what was the agent picturing on its mind", open the .mpd file that got your attention on a text editor, and read the first line under the ones starting with "0 FILE". I'd really appreciate feedback and comments, let's see where this goes =) Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49937916 Points: 80 # Comments: 41
Article URL: https://developer.apple.com/news/?id=p6zjojqw Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49937631 Points: 144 # Comments: 86
Article URL: https://gadgets.muse.ai Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49937504 Points: 151 # Comments: 71
Article URL: https://developer.apple.com/pass-designer/ Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49937276 Points: 346 # Comments: 225
Useful angle: frontier models and agentic systems via llm
Article URL: https://dwarfstar.sh/ Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49936575 Points: 177 # Comments: 44
Useful angle: Useful for shop-floor machining knowledge, setup decisions, and practical process constraints.
Pointing jitter can significantly degrade the performance of intersatellite optical communication links. This work investigates diffractive optical beam shaping as a means of generating super-Gaussian profiles with reduced sensitivity to transmitter misalignment. Phase screens are designed using a Gerchberg--Saxton phase-retrieval algorithm and evaluated for different super-Gaussian orders. Lower-order profiles are reproduced accurately, whereas higher orders are increasingly limited by numerical discretization and finite-aperture effects. The practical implementation of the phase screens usin
Useful angle: Useful for shop-floor machining knowledge, setup decisions, and practical process constraints.
AI and Industry 4.0 readiness assessments often summarise preparedness using a single score for an organisation, application domain or sector. Those summaries can conceal disagreement about the same technology and variation among applications grouped under one sector label. We test how much information is lost through this aggregation using a card-based survey in which 982 respondents provided 15,200 readiness evaluations across 17 named AI and robotics challenges. Readiness is perceived community preparedness and available resources, not personal willingness or audited organisational capabili
Useful angle: Useful for large CAD assembly rendering, tessellation, and review performance.
AI factories are power-constrained industrial systems. The question is no longer how many GPUs fit in a data center, but how much AI output each available... AI factories are power-constrained industrial systems. The question is no longer how many GPUs fit in a data center, but how much AI output each available megawatt can deliver. For AI inference workloads, this makes application-level performance per watt the key metric for measuring AI factory efficiency. Not every megawatt translates to revenue-generating compute. Power distribution, cooling… Source
Useful angle: Useful for large CAD assembly rendering, tessellation, and review performance.
The enthesis is a graded fibrocartilaginous interface that transfers load between tendon and bone, yet the nanoscale mechanisms stabilizing its mineralization front remain unclear. Here, we combine multimodal 2D/3D X-ray imaging with nonlinear optical microscopy to map structural, crystalline and extracellular matrix organization across the murine Achilles tendon enthesis under unloading and reloading. Unloading reduces the tidemark-associated two-photon fluorescence (2PF) peak and is accompanied by diffuse mineralization into previously unmineralized fibrocartilage. This unloading-associated
Useful angle: Useful for shop-floor machining knowledge, setup decisions, and practical process constraints.
Scaling fault-tolerant superconducting quantum computers will likely require distributed architectures built from multiple manufacturable quantum processing units. A central question is whether noisy and slow inter-chip operations impose substantial spacetime overhead or orchestration burdens compared with monolithic architectures. To answer this question, we present a hardware-grounded architectural co-design together with a comprehensive resource-estimation protocol for surface-code-based modular processors. The design confines inter-chip latency and noise to module boundaries, preventing sl
Useful angle: Useful for shop-floor machining knowledge, setup decisions, and practical process constraints.
Additive Manufacturing (AM) plays a vital role in the ongoing industrial revolution. However, quality control remains crucial and challenging due to printing defects or potential cyber-physical intrusions. Image or video-based anomaly detection is a key effort towards addressing these challenges. Various approaches have been explored in this domain, including reconstruction-based, embedding-based, and flow-based methods. Though normalizing flow-based methods address some of the core challenges of unforeseen defects and generalization while maintaining detection performance, existing approaches
Useful angle: Useful for shop-floor machining knowledge, setup decisions, and practical process constraints.
Printability assessment in additive manufacturing is typically conducted at the geometry level before printing to determine whether a computer-aided design (CAD) model or stereolithography (STL) file can be successfully fabricated. Task suitability, in contrast, is usually evaluated after printing to determine whether the fabricated part satisfies the requirements of its intended use. As a result, for non-expert users to print functional parts, unsuitable material or process choices may only be identified after fabrication, leading to repeated printing, material waste, and user frustration. To
Useful angle: Useful for shop-floor machining knowledge, setup decisions, and practical process constraints.
In Industrial Internet of Things systems, learning-enabled Digital Twins (DTs) support remote monitoring by using data reported by distributed devices to maintain digital representations of physical processes. When uplink resources are limited, a base station cannot collect new observations from every device at every communication slot and must decide which devices should transmit. This decision becomes challenging when the physical process changes after the DT models have already been trained. In such cases, recent observations alone may not keep the DT accurate, because the learned model may
Useful angle: Useful for shop-floor machining knowledge, setup decisions, and practical process constraints.
Thin-walled truncated conical shells are widely used in aerospace, marine, offshore, and lightweight infrastructure systems due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and geometric efficiency. Their buckling resistance under axial compression, however, is highly sensitive to geometric imperfections, manufacturing tolerances, material variability, and nonlinear instability effects. Conventional design procedures rely on conservative knockdown factors (KDFs), such as those recommended in NASA SP-8019, which do not explicitly account for shell geometry, fabrication quality, data uncertainty, or t
Useful angle: Useful for shop-floor machining knowledge, setup decisions, and practical process constraints.
Quantum algorithms for simulating quantum chromodynamics (QCD) have matured steadily since the pioneering work of Byrnes and Yamamoto [PRA 73, 022328 (2006)]. The most popular strategies for Hamiltonian simulation involve product-formula decompositions. However, the application of product-formula methods to SU($N_c$) lattice gauge theories by Byrnes and Yamamoto leads to $O(Λ^{8(N_c^2-1)})$ gate complexity per Trotter step, where $Λ$ is the bosonic cutoff in the electric (i.e., irreducible-representation) basis. A seminal work by Kan and Nam [arXiv:2107.12769 (2021)] significantly improves ove
Useful angle: Useful for understanding the geometry cleanup, associativity, and data-continuity work between production CAD and robust CAE meshing.
Why simulation needs a dedicated geometry preprocessor: preserving CAD and PLM structure while repairing topology, defeaturing models, closing gaps, and producing watertight geometry for reliable meshing.
Useful angle: Useful for shop-floor machining knowledge, setup decisions, and practical process constraints.
This work advances a fundamentally new approach to space-based construction by using liquid self organization in microgravity as a generative design and fabrication principle. Building on the LiquiFab method, we demonstrate how minimal surface architectures - traditionally dependent on complex additive manufacturing - can instead emerge directly from the physics of fluid interfaces shaped by programmable boundary conditions. We present a simulation-to-fabrication workflow, that includes a boundary-driven minimal-surface solver integrated in Grasshopper/Rhino, and an experimental system that im
Useful angle: Useful for OCR, layout-aware document understanding, and drawing intelligence.
Medical image-text data can expose protected health information (PHI) through both visible image content as well as accompanying text, creating a barrier to privacy-preserving medical AI systems. This risk is especially prominent in multimodal systems, where images, questions, reports, and clinical context may enter training, evaluation, or inference pipelines. Existing medical vision-language benchmarks primarily emphasize task utility, while de-identification methods are often evaluated separately from downstream reasoning. We introduce ClinX, an end-to-end multimodal PHI sanitization framew
Useful angle: Useful for OCR, layout-aware document understanding, and drawing intelligence.
Document processing pipelines traditionally cascade optical character recognition (OCR) engines with downstream models for structured information extraction, leading to multi-stage error propagation. We fine-tune SmolDocling, a compact 256M-parameter vision-language model (VLM), to perform end-to-end key-value extraction directly from document images, jointly solving identification, localization, and association in a single pass without OCR preprocessing. We extend DocTags with specialized key, value, region, and link tags, enabling many-to-many relationships in a unified output sequence. To a
Useful angle: Useful for shop-floor machining knowledge, setup decisions, and practical process constraints.
Upgrading Single-Wire Earth Return (SWER) networks for smart grid capabilities requires a reliable communications technology. Narrowband Power Line Communication (NB-PLC) is a potential low cost solution. Real-world deployment is challenging due to the severe, frequency-dependent attenuation caused by complex earth-return paths and heterogeneous network infrastructure. To accurately characterize the communication channel, this paper develops a high-frequency (up to 300 kHz) digital twin of an operational SWER network. The digital twin integrates a segment-by-segment transmission line model wit
Useful angle: Useful for large CAD assembly rendering, tessellation, and review performance.
NVIDIA Holoscan is a platform for building real-time AI applications at the edge, from medical imaging to robotics. HoloHub is its companion repository: a... NVIDIA Holoscan is a platform for building real-time AI applications at the edge, from medical imaging to robotics. HoloHub is its companion repository: a growing collection of reference applications and components that demonstrate what’s possible. We wanted to explore how a general-purpose coding agent could use the same examples, documentation, and development tools available to an engineer… Source
Useful angle: Useful for shop-floor machining knowledge, setup decisions, and practical process constraints.
Setting up a CNC lathe is rarely difficult because of one big problem. More often, it’s the small things: a worn insert screw, chips in a tool pocket, a missing hex key, or... The post 5 CNC Lathe Setup Tips You Won’t Find in a Textbook appeared first on Practical Machinist.
Useful angle: Useful for shop-floor machining knowledge, setup decisions, and practical process constraints.
Metamaterial anti-reflection coatings (ARC) are used in a variety of applications, including: lenses, filters, and absorbers. Typically, the design of a given ARC is done within an infinite medium approximation, which presupposes that every unit cell on the interface is identical. However, in realistic applications, the geometry of a given ARC usually has some degree of variability, be it due to the shape of the surface inherent to the application, like in a lens, or manufacturing tolerances. This variation may alter the performance of the optical element in unanticipated ways, by creating add
Useful angle: Useful for OCR, layout-aware document understanding, and drawing intelligence.
Historical newspapers are an abundant record of public life, but their dense, irregular and sometimes noisy layouts make computational access to these materials both challenging and limited. We present the Institutional Newspapers Pipeline, a modular system we jointly designed with Boston Public Library to extract high-quality, structured datasets from historical newspaper scans. It was architected so that each step remains interpretable and customizable, and so that the pipeline as a whole remains computationally frugal enough to run on workstation-level hardware. The pipeline runs each scan
Useful angle: Useful for OCR, layout-aware document understanding, and drawing intelligence.
Historical book collections contain rich visual elements - such as illustrations, photographs, engravings, and decorative art - that are frequently under-explored in large-scale digitization projects. While Optical Character Recognition (OCR) has standardized the extraction of textual content, these visual components offer a layer of nuance and context that remains largely untapped by automated text extraction workflows. This technical report introduces Institutional Books - Visual Elements, an open-source end-to-end pipeline for detecting, classifying, deduplicating, and captioning visual ele
Useful angle: Useful for shop-floor machining knowledge, setup decisions, and practical process constraints.
This work evaluates surrogate-assisted optimization of a seven-parameter current-excited coil--core benchmark subject to geometric, manufacturing, and separate core and copper mass constraints. A Python--MPh--COMSOL workflow couples a two-dimensional axisymmetric finite-element method (FEM) model to a Matern 5/2 Gaussian-process (GP) probabilistic surrogate. Here, physics-constrained denotes a design problem evaluated by a governing-equation FEM model and restricted by explicit physical, geometric, manufacturing, and material-allocation constraints; it does not denote a physics-informed GP arc
Useful angle: Useful for shop-floor machining knowledge, setup decisions, and practical process constraints.
In the latest installment of American Made, produced with Tormach partner Practical Machinist, Justin Webb of Zealous Manufacturing in Wisconsin brings the Tormach 15LX CNC lathe into real production. The setup is simple on paper: an aluminum part with OD, ID, thickness, drilling, edge break, and part off operations. The learning curve is where the story gets interesting.
Useful angle: Useful for OCR, layout-aware document understanding, and drawing intelligence.
Intelligent document processing (IDP) encompasses a broad range of tasks, including optical character recognition (OCR), document question answering (DocQA), and key information extraction (KIE). Despite their distinct objectives, these tasks share a common need to perceive document content, acquire task-relevant information, and progressively refine intermediate results. However, they are typically formulated as separate prediction problems and addressed by task-specific models or processing pipelines. We introduce DocClaw, a unified agentic system that formulates diverse intelligent document
Useful angle: Useful for shop-floor machining knowledge, setup decisions, and practical process constraints.
As-built printed ferromagnets typically exhibit higher coercivity than optimized wrought materials, yet existing explanations rely on empirical fits or costly simulations. Herein, we provide a missing analytical theory that links print parameters directly to cooling rates, cellular spacing, dislocation density, and domain-wall pinning coercivity. Informed by metallographic grain data and using a single fitted constant, our model predicts six experimental datasets for pure Fe, Fe-6.9Si, and a multicomponent alloy within a factor of 1.9. We demonstrate that configurational lattice distortion is
Useful angle: Useful for shop-floor machining knowledge, setup decisions, and practical process constraints.
As-built printed ferromagnets typically exhibit higher coercivity than optimized wrought materials, yet existing explanations rely on empirical fits or costly simulations. Herein, we provide a missing analytical theory that links print parameters directly to cooling rates, cellular spacing, dislocation density, and domain-wall pinning coercivity. Informed by metallographic grain data and using a single fitted constant, our model predicts six experimental datasets for pure Fe, Fe-6.9Si, and a multicomponent alloy within a factor of 1.9. We demonstrate that configurational lattice distortion is
Useful angle: Useful for OCR, layout-aware document understanding, and drawing intelligence.
The extraction of structured information from unstructured documents represents a critical component of digital transformations in all sectors. While proprietary solutions dominate commercial applications, a rapidly growing ecosystem of open-source Optical Character Recognition (OCR) engines, Large Language Models (LLMs), and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) offers accessible alternatives. However, systematic evaluations on realistic, multi-step extraction pipelines remain scarce. Responsible usage of such extraction tools require comprehensive evaluations on realistic tasks, especially as these
Useful angle: Useful for OCR, layout-aware document understanding, and drawing intelligence.
By 2027, three flagship wide-field surveys will be operating simultaneously from ground and space, observing overlapping sky and representing more than $6 billion in US and European public investment. Together they will produce overlapping petabyte-scale datasets across thousands of square degrees. This is a different class of challenge: the observations are no longer the bottleneck; realizing their joint scientific return now depends on shared computational infrastructure and coordination. Decades of community studies show that combining these datasets does more than improve precision. For
Useful angle: Useful for CAD/CAM workflows, feature semantics, and downstream CNC automation.
Atomistic simulation requires three things: knowledge of the science, compute-efficient implementation of simulations, and accessible interfaces to the... Atomistic simulation requires three things: knowledge of the science, compute-efficient implementation of simulations, and accessible interfaces to the simulation stack. The first remains the researcher’s domain, as no tool substitutes for knowing what to simulate or recognizing a physically meaningful result. NVIDIA ALCHEMI Toolkit, introduced earlier this year, has dramatically reduced the… Source
Useful angle: Useful for large CAD assembly rendering, tessellation, and review performance.
Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) is a dimensionality reduction technique widely used for visualization and feature extraction. Applications... Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) is a dimensionality reduction technique widely used for visualization and feature extraction. Applications range across exploratory data analysis, topic modeling, and single-cell analysis. Many of these workflows are iterative and exploratory, requiring UMAP to be run repeatedly as users analyze their data or tune parameters. As datasets grow… Source
Useful angle: Useful for CAD/CAM workflows, feature semantics, and downstream CNC automation.
Terrain level-of-detail is measured almost exclusively on digital elevation models: single-valued, smooth at the sampling scale, sampled from real topography. Game terrain is often none of these. We compare six rendering methods - height-field ray marching, voxel-accelerated ray marching, sliced proxy geometry, per-sample bar rasterization, compute scattering, and a fitted triangle mesh - implemented in a single engine over a single data path, on the hand-authored multi-layer terrain of Vangers (1998), scored against a CPU ray cast of the same source data. Every method must preserve the two so
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